Đề cương ôn tập Tiếng anh Lớp 8

CẤU TRÚC TƯƠNG ĐƯƠNG LỚP 8
(ÔN THI )
Cấu trúc 1: Dành bao nhiêu thời gian để làm gì
S + spend + Khoảng thời gian + V.ing = It + take + (sb) + Khoảng thời gian + to + V
Ví dụ: I spend 1 hour cleaning my house. = I take 1 hour to clean my house.
(Tôi dành 1 tiếng để dọn dẹp nhà).
Cấu trúc 2: Các từ, cụm từ chỉ nguyên nhân (bởi vì)
Since, As, Because + S + V + 
= Because of, Do to, As a result of + N/ V-ing
Ví dụ: Because it rains, I can’t go out tonight. = Because of raining, I can’t go out tonight.
(Bởi vì trời mưa, nên tôi không thể ra ngoài tối nay).
Cấu trúc 3: Cấu trúc quá để làm gì
S + be + too + adj/adv + to + V = S + be + so + adj + that + S + can’t + V
Ví dụ: He is too young to drive motorbike. = He is so young that he can’t drive motorbike.
(Anh ấy quá trẻ để lái xe máy).
Cấu trúc 4: Các từ, cụm từ chỉ sự trái ngược (tuy nhiên)
Although/ Though/ Even though + S + V + 
= Despite/ In spite of + Noun/ V-ing
Ví dụ: Although she is tired, she goes to school. = In spite of being tired, she goes to school.
(Mặc dù đang mệt, cô ấy vẫn đến trường).
Cấu trúc 5: Cấu trúc quá đến nỗi mà
S + be + so + Adj. + that = It + be + such + Noun + that
Ví dụ: The book is so good that I can’t take my eyes off. = It is such a good book that I can’t take my eyes off.
(Quyển sách hay tới nỗi tôi không thể rời mắt).
Cấu trúc 6: Cấu trúc câu cảm thán
S + be + adj = What + a/an + adj + N! = How + adj + N + be!
Ví dụ: The room is beautiful.
= What a beautiful room!
= How beautiful room is!
(Thật là một căn phòng đẹp!)
Cấu trúc 7: Không đáng để làm gì
There's no point in + Ving = It's no good/ no use +Ving =It' not worth + Ving
Ví dụ: There’s no point in arguing
= It’s no good/no use arguing
= It’s not worth arguing
(Không đáng để tranh luận)
Cấu trúc 8: Chuyển đổi câu điều ước
- Câu điều ước ở tương lai:
I + wish + someone + would + V
- Câu điều ước ở hiện tại
S + wish + someone + V2/ed
- Câu điều ước ở quá khứ:
S + wish + someone + had + V3/ed
Ví dụ: I bought a lot of clothes
= I wish I hadn’t bought a lot of clothes.
(Tôi ước tôi đã không mua nhiều áo quần).
Cấu trúc 9 : Cấu trúc the first time/ the last time (lần đầu tiên/ lần cuối cùng)
S + last + V2/Ved + time + ago = The last time + S + V2/Ved + was + time + ago
Ví dụ: He last smoked 3 weeks ago.
= The last time he smoked was 3 weeks ago.
(Lần cuối anh ta hút thuốc là 3 tuần trước).
This is the first time + S + have/ has + V3/ Ved = S + have/ has + not + V3/ Ved + before
Ví dụ: I haven’t seen him before.
= This is the first time I have seen him.
(Đây là lần đầu tiên tôi gặp anh ấy).
Cấu trúc 10: Cấu trúc mãi cho đến khi 
S + didn't + V (bare) + . until It was not until + + that + 
Ví dụ: Nam didn’t do homework until his teacher checked homework.
= It was not until Nam’s teacher check homework that he did homework.
(Mãi cho đến khi giáo viên kiểm tra bài tập về nhà, Nam mới làm bài tập).
Cấu trúc 11: Began/ started
S + began/ started + to V/ V-ing + [thời gian] ago S + have/has + V3/-ed hoăc been + V-ing + since/for 
Ví dụ: I started to study English 10 years ago.
= I have studied English for 10 years.
(Tôi học tiếng Anh được 10 năm rồi).
Cấu trúc 12:
S + should/ought to/had better + V It's (high/about) time + S + V2/-ed
Ví dụ: You should study now.
= It’s time you studied.
(Đây chính là thời gian mà bạn nên học bài).
Cấu trúc 13: Các câu đề nghị tương đồng
Shall we + V Let's + V How/What about + V-ing Why don't we + V
Ví dụ: Shall we go out tonight?
= What about going out tonight?
= Why don’t we go out tonight?
(Tại sao chúng ta không ra ngoài tối nay?)
Cấu trúc 14: Câu tường thuật dạng bị động
People say that + S + V 
It is said that + S + V 
S + be said to + V hoặc to have V3/ed
Ví dụ: People say that she drove car very fast.
= It is said that she drove car very fast.
= She is said to have driven car very fast.
(Mọi người nói rằng cô ấy lái xe rất nhanh).
Bài tập
Viết lại câu theo gợi ý đã có sẵn:
2. Although his both legs were broken in the crash, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded.
=> Despite his ..
3. I haven’t eaten this kind of food before.
=> This is the first ..
16. The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough.
=> The sea was too .
20. “Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat?” he asked.
=> He suggested ..
22. I’m sorry I missed your birthday party.
=> I wish .
26. That restaurant is so dirty that no one wants to eat there.
=> It is such ..
32. I’m afraid I haven’t got time to listen to you.
=> I wish .
35. We spent 5 hours getting to London.
=> It took ..
36. I get to work in 20 minutes.
=> It 
52. The furniture was so expensive that I didn’t buy it.
=> The furniture was too .
56. It was so late that nothing could be done.
=> It was too 
59.This flower is very beautiful!
=> How !
61. The last time she had a swim was five years ago.
=> She hasn’t 
74. Although his leg was broken he managed to get out of the car.
In spite ..
99. Why don’t asked her yourself?
=> I suggest .